Protein misfolding is a research area within biochemistry and molecular biology that focuses on understanding how proteins can adopt incorrect conformations, leading to the formation of misfolded or aggregated proteins. This process is implicated in a variety of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as certain types of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Research in protein misfolding aims to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, identify the factors that contribute to misfolding, and ultimately develop strategies to prevent or reverse protein misfolding-related diseases.